Note: This list has not been alphabetized (yet)...to find a specific ingredient, use the "Find in Page" function of your browser.
 

Ingredient	What is it?	What Do I Need To Know About This Stuff?
calcium carbonate	an inorganic salt used as an antacid and as a calcium supplement	Limestone. Comes in various grades from lawn fertilizer to pharmaceutical grade as calcium supplement. Different grades have different combinations of other minerals present depending on the mining source and processing method.
copper sulfate	source of copper	a strong  irritant, harmful when swallowed, a fungicide used to control bacterial and fungal diseases of fruit, vegetable, nut and field crops(more info)
corn germ meal	the internal part of the corn kernel	the meal is what's left after corn oil has been extracted
dehydrated alfalfa meal	used as a filler	sometimes artificially colored green when old stemmy rained on alfalfa is used, no quality is specified, often poor quality alfalfa is processed into meal when it could not be sold for a much higher price as hay with less processing.
dicalcium phosphate	source of calcium and phosphorous	inorganic salt with the phosphate portion often more bioavailable than the calcium portion
dried whole milk		not usually the grade A milk that we drink, but the antibiotic or urine and feces contaminated milk that comes from sick cows that must be milked anyway, and that milk sold to the dairies as part of the buying contracts that farmers get to have all their milk purchased. This milk is also so second class that it cannot be sent overseas for use there either.
dried kelp	source of iodine	seaweed that is harvested from the continental shelves where waste dumping might have been. Seaweeds do not grow in deep ocean.
lactobacillus acidophilus fermentation product	lactobacillus cultures	the good bacteria of yogurt that reinnoculates the cecum of the horse, produces time release B complex vitamins, some enzymes, some essential amino acids and low grade antibiotics against E. coli
soy bean oil	vegetable oil	high in poly unsaturates
vitamin B12 suppliment	vitamin B12	base, blended with vitamin B12
sodium selenite	Selenium is an essential trace element	It can be potentially toxic. More Info
natural source vitamin E	vitamin E	very expensive to produce and only produced in certain quantities. Quality vitamin E is available only to certain companies such as pharmaceutical organizations and health food stores. Smaller companies usually are only able to purchase inferior grade vitamin E.
sulfur	inorganic element used as an old time antibiotic	toxic against many beneficial organisms too, we used to have a sulfur deficiency, but most areas not have sulfur sufficiency or even toxicity due to acid rain which contains sulfur
fish meal		harvested from shallow water “junk” fish with poor food use that often come from polluted waters, or leftovers from the commercial canning industry or fish butchering
monosodium phosphate	Acidic pH, dispersant, buffer	Commonly used in cleaning solutions. More Info
wheat middlings	used as an inexpensive filler	the cleanings and screenings leftover after the wheat is taken to the human market.  Labeled by the USDA as "by product", which by their definition has little to no significant nutritional value. Contains heavy amounts of dirt and mold spores, and have been implicated in heaves, bleeders(epistaxis) and other allergenic conditions. A common mold of wheat produces "vomitoxin", is very bad news for horses! Most elevators don't test as they should for mold toxins. Wheat middlings are as close to floor sweepings as you can get!
feeding oat meal
tomato pomace	the dried leftovers of tomatoes after the juice has been extracted	member of the nightshade family known to be toxic to horses
vinegar	Made when sweet cider is fermented into an alcoholic beverage (hard cider). Then it is fermented once again.	Natural antiseptic. Often used as a digestive aid.   More Info
yeast culture	dried commercial yeast	A trial conducted with growing horses at Rutgers University indicated increased digestibility of protein,  fiber and minerals when yeast was fed. Greater  protein and mineral retention was also reported. More info
choline chloride	liquid choline, a B vitamin and part of the lecithin complex	Choline is essential in building and maintaining cell function and structure. It is involved in many diverse cell functions, such as fat metabolism, nerve transmission and methyl group transfer.
sodium sulfate	acidifying inorganic salt	A raw material and ingredient in many  industrial processes such as the detergent, glass, paper and textile industries. Obtained from natural deposits and as a byproduct from various manufacturing and chemical processes. More Info
ferric sulfate	acidifying iron inorganic salt	Used in waste water treatment. Listed as corrosive to eye contact and ingestion. More info Ferric subsulfate is a hemostatic agent which stops bleeding by contracting blood vessels.
magnesium oxide	antacid form of magnesium	magnesium is known as the anti-stress mineral as it relaxes muscles and nerves.
zinc sulfate	acidifying inorganic zinc salt	Organic forms of trace minerals such as zinc methionine appear to have beneficial effects on hoof integrity that are not observed with similar quantities of an inorganic zinc such as zinc sulfate.
niacin supplement	vitamin B2 in a base for feed grade	non USP (not pharmaceutically pure) niacin
cobalt sulfate	acidifying inorganic cobalt salt	cobalt is a trace element stored mainly in the liver and acts as a catalyst in complex reactions to form vitamin B-12.
dl-methionine	sulfur bearing amino acid  dl-Methionine is the man-made form of l-methionine, a naturally occurring essential amino acid.	good for hoof growth  It is reported that it decreases the activation of inflammatory cells (white blood cells) and neutralizes destructive components released from white blood cells, thus reducing pain and inflammation.
pyridoxine hydrochloride	Vitamin B-6	Its role is as a coenzyme involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. Also responsible for the manufacture of hormones, red blood cells, neurotransmitters, enzymes and prostaglandins.Vitamin B6 is required for the production of serotonin, a brain neurotransmitter that controls moods, appetite, sleep patterns, and sensitivity to pain. A deficiency of  B6 can quickly lead to insomnia and a profound malfunctioning of the central nervous system.
ferrous fumarate	a chemical form of iron	was implicated years ago as the cause of foal deaths due to liver failure when added to a commercial probiotic paste, product was long since withdrawn from the market
vitamin A acetate	dried form of vitamin A	aka: retinol
l-lysine	essential amino acid	commonly found in protein feeds, good for immune function
lecithin	major source of the chemical nutrient choline	a natural emulsifier of fats produced in the liver. Lecithin is a phospholipid composed of saturated, unsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. It also contains glycerin, phosphorous and choline. It is found in chemicals that aid passage of  many nutrients from the bloodstream into cells.  Choline is involved in production of acetylcholine. Acetylcholine must be present in the body for proper function of the nervous system, including mood, behavior, orientation, personality traits, judgment.
sodium bentonite	type of clay, used as a filler	swells 15 to 18 times its original volume when placed in water. Commonly used to stop leaks in ponds and stock tanks.
biotin	B vitamin that works as a dietary enzyme to synthesize fatty acids and metabolize proteins and carbohydrates.	good for hoof growth; dry, itchy skin and poor condition of hair.
potassium iodide	commonly used salt form of iodine	high uptake by the thyroid has made this an effective thyroid blocker to protect against the effects of radioactive nuclear fallout on the thyroid gland.
beta carotine	vitamin A precursor widely found in nature in green grass	only 25% as active as true Vit A, must be processed by the liver into true vitamin A for use by the body. Antioxidant properties
vitamin D-3 supplement	aka: calcitrol	The major physiologic function of vitamin D is to maintain normal serum levels of calcium and phosphorus by enhancing intestinal absorption of dietary calcium and phosphorus and mobilizing calcium from the bone when dietary calcium is insufficient to meet needs. After forming in the skin, vitamin D undergoes two successive hydroxylations, first in the liver to 25- hydroxyvitamin D, and then in the kidneys to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol). Calcitriol has been used pharmacologically to reverse the disorder of calcium metabolism seen in patients with chronic renal failure, and to treat renal osteodystrophy, hypocalcemia associated with hypopara-thyroidism, vitamin D- dependent rickets, and osteoporosis.
ascorbic acid (preservative)	Vitamin C	Necessary for collagen formation and tissue repair.  Participates in oxidation-reduction reactions. Needed for metabolism of phenylalanine,tyrosine, folic acid, iron.  Helps utilization of carbohydrates, synthesis of fats and proteins, preservation of integrity of blood-vessel walls. Strengthens blood vessels.
zinc methionine complex	zinc loosely bound to the amino acid methionine	not a true chelate. zinc: zinc is a part of the molecular structure of 80 or more known enzymes. These particular enzymes work with red blood cells to move carbon dioxide from tissues to lungs. methionine: functions as building block of all proteins.
hydrochloric acid	digestive acid of the stomach	* Acute animal tests, such as the LC50 and LD50 tests in rats, mice, and rabbits, have demonstrated hydrochloric acid to have moderate to high acute toxicity from inhalation and moderate acute toxicity from oral exposure. (More info) Used theraputically in humans when injected in dilute forms into the blood stream (More info)
riboflavin	Vitamin B2	Riboflavin is B 2 and is important to energy metabolism (processing nutrients like protein, fat, carbohydrates that have calories to a form of energy that the body can use - ATP),  normal eyesight and healthy skin.
yucca shindigera extract	derivative of the yucca plant	used in animal feed to improve the health conditions of turkeys, broilers, layers, swine, beef cattle, horses and pets by reducing the emission of odor and ammonia. (more info) Also used commercially in beers, natural shampoos and foaming cosmetics, frozen carbonated beverages, foamy bar mixes, wine coolers,schnapps, root beer, barley drinks and  other products needing exaggerated foam.
folic acid	vitamin B9	Acts as co-enzyme for normal DNA  synthesis. Functions as part of co-enzyme in amino acid and nucleoprotein synthesis. Promotes normal red-blood-cell formation.
algae meal	dried ground algae	species unidentified. Depends on the species. Some species are commonly used in chicken feed to enhance yellow color of chicken skin & eggs and as an additive fed to salmond fish to enhance the color of their flesh . blue-green algae is used in the human healthfood market claiming it as a "Super Food" it is high in protein and other nutrients.
diatomaceous earth	the exoskeletons of ancient insects mined from deposits	highly abrasive, used commercially as sanding or scrubbing agents, also as insecticides as the earth is so abrasive that it will irritate the exoskeletons of insects walking through it, killing them
cobalt choline citrate complex	loosely bound cobalt, choline and inorganic salt of citric acid
ferric choline citrate complex	same as above with iron
copper choline citrate complex	same as above with copper
calcium pantothenate	vitamin B5	essential for adrenal function
magnesium amino acid chelate	magnesium bound to amino acids as carriers in the body, like “predigestion” for easy absorption	lowest toxicity of chemical forms, but most costly to produce
zinc amino acid chelate	same as above but with zinc	lowest toxicity of chemical forms, but most costly to produce
calcium amino acid chelate	same as above but with calcium	lowest toxicity of chemical forms, but most costly to produce
iron amino acid chelate	same as above but with iron	lowest toxicity of chemical forms, but most costly to produce
manganese amino acid chelate	same as above but with manganese	lowest toxicity of chemical forms, but most costly to produce
copper amino acid chelate	same as above but with copper	lowest toxicity of chemical forms, but most costly to produce
cobalt amino acid chelate	same as above but with cobalt	lowest toxicity of chemical forms, but most costly to produce
menadione sodium bisulfate complex	a source of vitamin K activity	vitamin K is required for the synthesis of clotting factors such as prothrombin.
thiamine mononitrate	a source of Vitamin B1	B1 functions in combination with adenosine triphosphate to form co-enzyme necessary for converting carbohydrate into energy in muscles and nervous system.
potassium chloride	K-Cl is a compound, a combination of 2 elements: Potassium + Chloride.	The Chloride element  is damaging to the metabolism. Liquid Potassium Chloride may cause fibrillation and cardiac arrest. It also prevents potassium and enzymes to enter the cells for the healing process. Potassium Chloride pills may cause perforation in the walls of the small intestine and death can occur.
ferrous carbonate	inorganic salt of iron	inorganic (dead) form. While inorganic minerals they may enter the circulation, they cannot be used in the physiological process of building the cell.  Inorganic minerals only interfere with the delicate and complex biology of the body. They may also overwork the kidneys.
hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate	an absorbent (binder)	used commonly in poultry feed to help protect against the effects of aflatoxins (a naturally occurring mycotoxin produced by two types of mold: Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus)
niacinamide	a form of vitamin B-3	Aids in release of energy from foods.  Helps synthesis of DNA.  Becomes a component of two  co-enzymes (NAD and NADP), which are necessary for utilization of fats, tissue respiration, production of sugars.
Dried lactobacillus acidophilus fermentation extract	probiotic	beneficial bacteria found in the intestinal tract
Dried bifidobacterium thermophilum fermentation extract	probiotic	beneficial bacteria found in the intestinal tract
Dried faecium fermentation extract	probiotic	beneficial bacteria found in the intestinal tract
sorbitan monostearate	a surfactant	reduces surface tension in liquids
ethylenediamine dihydrochloride	also known as EDD preservative/stabilizer used in topical medications	a contact allergen for some humans. EDD is commonly used in industrial products such as epoxy resins and coolant oils. Water-based industrial products may contain EDD as a fungicide. EDD is also a component of some dyes, insecticides, and synthetic waxes.
selenium	mineral	helps defend against damage from oxidation. May decrease serum  vitamin C
monocalcium phosphate	also called "acid calcium phosphate"	strong acid taste, used chiefly in fertilizers, as an acidulant in baking powders and in wheat flours, mineral supplement in foods and feeds
manganous oxide		insoluble in water, but soluble in hydrochloric acid, releasing chlorine
ferrous sulfate	acidifying iron inorganic salt	human toxicity: GI disturbances eg. gastric distress, colic, constipation, diarrhea may occur.  More on ingestion of large quantities that may not apply...and refers to Clinical Toxicology of Commercial Products. Use:  fertilizer, food and feed supplements, aswood preservative, as weed killer, is astringent, other industrial uses copper chloride-also goes by cupric chloride, very soluble in water with a pH of 0.2 molar soln of 3.6...irritating to skin and mucous membranes. Uses: wood preservative, disinfective, feed additive, other industrial uses
zinc oxide		practically insoluble in water, Use: in dental cements, cosmetics, astringent topical protector, other industrial uses
cobalt carbonate		practically insoluble in water, soluble in heated hydrochloric acid and gives off carbon dioxide in the process. Use: pigments, cobalt deficiency in ruminants
phosphoric acid	the active ingredient in Coca Cola	takes paint off cars and enamel off your teeth and causes calcium excretion in the urine
propionic acid	a natural product of fermentation in the cecum	used as a preservative because it is one of the safest and most natural
D-activated animal sterol	vitamin D
ethylenediamine dihydriode	an organic iodine